CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Tourism
is one way to explore and enjoy the beautiful of the world. It is possible for
us to satisfy ourselves while taking some time to get holiday and be a tourist.
There are a lot of ways for us to enjoy tourism which can improve our knowledge
while we enjoy the trip. From the tourism we can get a lot of things,
especially the culture of the place that we`ve visited. There are plenty of
culture in Indonesia and also its parts
that couldn`t enough to be visited because there are a lot of its culture and
beautifully historical places there. It has a lot of
things that we can take the advantages for our knowledge and also pleasure.
They are the place, language, custom home, clothing, vogue, the history and others.
The most important thing of the deployment culture is a place of the tradition
happen.
Place
is the most important parts of the spreading culture. Without a place there`s
nothing people can do to make their own culture. There are many historical places
now being forget by modern people.
Unconsciously, when they start to forget their origin, they also forget their
place, culture, language, and others. Whereas, it was one of the heritage was happen. Our nation cultural heritage
need to be conserved
by our people as Indonesian especially Javanese. Recently the old people tried to introduced our cultural heritage that almost
forgotten by the Javanese. They introduce this
culture again as a part of them. There are a lot of people who interesting and some
don`t. They need a lot of
struggle to get a lot of attention of the people. Especially, the younger who
will lead this nation at the future.
What will they bring if they
don`t know their history about their nation and their culture.
For the specific, the most known part of Indonesia as
the biggest island is Java. There are a lot of tradition of it forgotten by
people because of the modernization and globalization. By the time the
historical places which is located in the inland of java, the amount of the
tourist is getting smaller while to the modern place is getting higher
enthusiastic. By that the writer wants to introduce a little parts of
historical in Java, especially Madiun, East Java.
1.2
Problem Formulation
“What
are the historical places in East Java location specifically in Madiun?”
1.3
Aim of The Research
In
this paper the writer wants to find out the historical places in Madiun, East
Java.
The
writer limited the problem of the study focus on the historical places in
Madiun, East Java.
CHAPTER II
THEORITICAL REVIEW
2.1
Definitions of Culture
Culture can be defined as “the behaviors
and beliefs characteristics of a particular social, ethnics, or age group.”
With that in mind, if we understand culture, then we can make assumptions about
the meaning of other people`s actions, behavior or thinking.
Culture is
natural development during birth process {what we call is behavior, that
changes from individual to individual broadened when lives in family that
family is part of a society (group or community), behavior of the group is
culture} and its evolution is based on intelligence reaction to experiences and
needs.
Culture is
an integral part of every society. It is a learned pattern of behavior and ways
in which a person lives his or her life. Culture is essential for the existence
of a society, because it binds people together. In the explicit sense of the
term, culture constitutes the music, food, arts and literature of a society.
However, these are only the products of culture followed by the society and
cannot be defined as culture.
2.2
Definitions of Tourism
Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism
Organization defines tourists as people
"traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for
not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes
Tourism is an activity done by an
individual or a group of individuals, which leads to a motion from a place to
another. From a country to another for performing a specific task, or it is a
visit to a place or several places in the purpose of entertaining which leads
to an awareness of other civilizations and cultures, also increasing the
knowledge of countries, cultures, and history
Tourism has a direct impact on the national revenue for all touristic
countries, it creates work opportunities, industries, and several investments
to serve and raise nations performance and cultures, also distributes their
history, civilization, and traditions. Tourism is an important industry that
depends on culture and science.
"Tourism is a collection of
activities, services and industries which deliver a travel experience
comprising transportation, accommodation, eating and drinking establishments,
retail shops, entertainment businesses and other hospitality services provided
for individuals or groups traveling away from home".
2.3
Definitions of Historical
Historical - of or
relating to the study of history; "historical scholars"; "a
historical perspective, having once lived or existed or taken place in the real
world as distinct from being legendary "actual historical events.
Historical is belonging to
the past; of what is important or famous in the past; "historic
victories"; "historical (or historic) times"; "a historical
character. It also used of the
study of a phenomenon (especially language) as it changes through time.
2.4
Definitions
of Place
Place is an area , or a position ,the position where someone or something
is , or where it should be.
Place
also a particular
town , country , building , store , an area , etc, or space that is used for or appropriate
for a particular
purpose.
CHAPTER III
RESULT OF THE STUDY
4.1
East Java and Its Culture
Java
is an island in Indonesia with a population of 136 million, the island is the
world's densest population of the island and is one of the densest populated
regions in the world. The island is inhabited by 60% of the population of
Indonesia. The capital city of Indonesia, Jakarta, is located in west Java.
Indonesia held a lot of history on the island. Java was formerly a center of
Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms, Islamic sultanates, colonial Dutch East Indies, and
the center of Indonesia's independence movement. The island is very large
impact on social, political, economic and Indonesia. Java is the island most of
which are formed from volcanic activity, is the thirteenth largest island in
the world, and the fifth largest in Indonesia. Rows of volcanoes are forming
the range stretches from east to west of the island. There are three main
languages of the island, but the majority of the population using the Java
language. Java language is the mother tongue of 60 million people in Indonesia,
and most of the speakers dwelt on the island of Java. Most people are
bilingual, speaking both as a language of Indonesia first and second. The
majority of Javanese are Muslim population, but there are a variety of flow
beliefs, religion, ethnic group, and culture on the island. The island is
administratively divided into four provinces, namely West Java, Central Java,
East Java, and Banten; and two specific regions, including DKI Jakarta and in
Yogyakarta.
East Java
(Indonesian:
Jawa Timur,
Javanese:
Jawa Wétan) is a province
of Indonesia.
It is located on the eastern part of the island of Java
and includes neighboring Madura
and islands to its east (the Kangean
and Sapudi
groups) and to its north (Bawean and the Masalembu
Islands. The provincial capital is Surabaya,
the second largest city in Indonesia and a major industrial center and port. East
Java's history dates back to the famous ancient kingdoms of Kediri
and Singosari,
which is now a city near Malang. The Majapahit
empire, centered at Trowulan,
Mojokerto
East Java, is celebrated by Indonesians as the golden age of the archipelago.
The Eastern Java region was part of the Mataram
Kingdom during its peak.
The town
of Madiun is located south west (169 km) of Surabaya and is a good base from
where comfortable day trips can be made to other interesting places like Sedudo
waterfalls (Nganjuk), Sarangan (Magetan), Lake Ngebel (Ponorogo), Mount Lawu,
etc. The second level region of Madiun occupies a lowland plain about 63 m
above the sea level and is located in a river valley of Sungai Madiun, it is
about 30 km from Bengawan Solo. The region is surrounded by the mountains
range. The east part of the region there is Mount Wilis (2,169 m), and the
south part is bordered by Kapur Selatan mountains range with the average height
500 - 1000 m above the sea level. To the west part there is Mount Lawu (3,285
m) and to the north there is Kendeng mountain range with 100 - 500 m height
stretching from the east to the west.
Madiun topographical condition, it
is 67 m at the south part of the region and comes lower up to 64 m at the
north, and only 63 m in the middle of the town. Madiun Municipality is the west
part of East Java Province located in a lowland plain area at 7 - 8 degree
south latitude and 111 - 112 degree east longitude. The area covers 7.5 km from
the north to the south and 6 km from the east to the west.
4.2
Historical Places in Madiun, East Java
4.2.1 Kresek Monument
It was built on the land measuring 2 ha in the middle of
the protected forest teak tour. It was the Pillar Monument of the Struggle for
Indonesian nation especially Madiun against the PKI ferocity (the Party of
Indonesian communists) on 1948.
It is located about 8 km from Madiun city to the east side, precise in Kresek village, Wungu district. Around this location is used for the Scouts Camp or the Public Camp.
With the spirit of Madiun people heroism opposed the ferocity of PKI. The Pillar of the History was the bitter memory that not forgotten and ought to be recalled by the younger generation of the nation goal in fighting for Pancasila and UUD 1945.
It is located about 8 km from Madiun city to the east side, precise in Kresek village, Wungu district. Around this location is used for the Scouts Camp or the Public Camp.
With the spirit of Madiun people heroism opposed the ferocity of PKI. The Pillar of the History was the bitter memory that not forgotten and ought to be recalled by the younger generation of the nation goal in fighting for Pancasila and UUD 1945.
4.2.2 Ngambangan Culture
The heritage of Hindu Buddha history and
archaeolog objects is in this place. Nglambangan is a village that is located
in east of Madiun city at about 6 km. The area of Nglambangan village is about
133 ha. The legacy of 15 century in Mojopahit era is found in Lambang Sari
Temple measuring 20m X 50M. Beside Lambang Sari Temple, it is still many other buildings
like: Padmasana, Meru Topang, Bale Kentongan, and the Great Door in the Temple,
Bentar Temple, Padepokan Pemangku, Padepokan Alit and the Library's Space.
The History Object: Panggungan, Punden,
Lambang Kuning, Watu Dakon, Lumbung Selayur, Sumur Kuno, Sendang Jambangan.
Likewise Mbah Kromodoworyo house that is also sacred. Every year was held
Ceremony of the java traditions that is in Suro month exactly in 1 Suro date.
CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSION
Indonesia
is a country with a great number of cultures and heritages that could be enjoy,
explore and need to know because it is too pity if we as an Indonesian never
enjoy our culture and heritage. Indonesia has more than hundred culture and
heritage that we haven`t figure out and it sometimes it still at the same
condition as before. With the natural condition and the forest of Indonesia is
still green, it is good to enjoy exploring culture while we enjoy the trip
being there. The culture was made by the historical events that influence the
life of the people before. Starting from the kingdom era until the colonialism
had a great influence to our history. For a plenty of time, our neighborhood
claimed to our culture because we as Indonesian never give an appreciation for
our culture, but then when it raise up we claimed it back and took a bad ways
to save it.
From
the explanation above the writer could give an analysis that from one province
we could find at least two historical places. How if two, three, or even fifty
province, it means that we are the great country with a huge culture and
heritage. By that as a younger, at least we know what our culture is and
conserve it so people will know that it is our culture. The only savior of our
culture and our country is we as the people who lived in the country. If we
don`t save them, who will save them?
BIBLIOGRAPHY
13 MAY 2012
04 JUNE 2012
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